Hum ... fwiw, I've got what you're trying to do working (vsim 8.3.2 clusters peered on ESX6). I'd double-check assumptions on the ESX VM settings for it's 4 network adapters. Are e0a, e0b, e0c, e0d really on the networks you think they are? You didn't mention if your ESX6 vsims are single or dual-mode and I 'think' vsim setup makes different choices for what networks e0a|b|c|d are assumed to be used for (cluster network vs. vm (mgmt/data) network. FWIW, even though I run single-node clusters I've got e0a&b on cluster network (not used) and e0c&d on VM network. The key to your problem would be around your intercluster LIF for each node and what port it sits on.
Having said the above, I have vague recollection of a real-world customer having peering problems with an error similar to "Cluster Peer health show says ICMP ok but Data unavailable". As I remember it came down to an MTU size issue. The customer's net was 'not fully' allowing MTU=9000 packets on the path peering was going over. If you're doing anything like raising the MTU size above 1500 that might be worth looking into. There are some options on the ping command that let you explicitly pick the outbound LIF and icmp packet size which you could use to see if it's anything related to that.